FCPS Past Papers

1. FCPS January 2009 mcqs

3. FCPS Radiology 2009 Mcqs

2. FCPS June 2005 surgery (iii) mcqs

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Proprioception---- (Proprioception Pathway)

Usually we think that there are five senses vision (sight), audition (sound), olfaction (smell), taction (touch), and gustation (taste). These senses are responsible for our interaction with the external world. In addition to these External senses there are few senses tat are called "Internal Senses". One of the most important internal senses is called "proprioception", or position sense.

Proprioception allows humans to control their limbs without directly looking at them.

Pathway For Proprioception:

Muscle Spindle & Golgi Tendons-------------->>> Dorsal Root Of Spinal Cord----------->>>> Spinal Cord-------->>>>> Spinocerebeller Tract------->>>>> Cerebellum

The cerebellum accepts information from every muscle and joint in the body, and calculates where the limbs must be in space.Like most physiological processes, proprioception can be improved with challenging practice, and can also be impaired by disease or disuse.Proprioception is also impaired by diseases or injuries affecting the musculoskeletal system, like an ankle sprain or diabetic neuropathy. Patients suffering from these types of conditions are predisposed to falls and repeat injuries, which compounds problems.

References:
Victor, M, Ropper, A et al. Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology. Seventh Edition. McGraw-Hill Professional: 2000, Chapter 9. ISBN: 0070674973

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How Doctor Think by Author: Jerome Groopman

On average, a physician will interrupt a patient describing her symptoms within eighteen (18) seconds.

In that short time, many doctors decide on the likely diagnosis and best treatment.
Often, decisions made this way are correct, but at crucial moments they can also be wrong -- with catastrophic consequences.
In this myth-shattering book, Jerome Groopman pinpoints the forces and thought processes behind the decisions doctors make.
Groopman explores why doctors err and shows when and how they can -- with our help -- avoid snap judgments, embrace uncertainty, communicate effectively, and deploy other skills that can profoundly impact our health.

This book is the first to describe in detail the warning signs of erroneous medical thinking and reveal how new technologies may actually hinder accurate diagnoses.
How Doctors Think offers direct, intelligent questions patients can ask their doctors to help them get back on track.

Author: Jerome Groopman

Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Company

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Free Medical Dictionary

Almost all medical students need a good,comprehensive Medical dictionay. Dictionaries in Hard copy are not that much used as they were used before. Now a days students preffer Electronic Medical Dictionaries. here i shall suggest you some of Websites from where you can download Medical dictionay.


1. Download.com , This is very simple dictionary. On this website you can also search other medical stuff & non medical stuff. Infact it's a store house of Downloadable stuff. One thing to be mentioned is taht this dictionary wors online. You should be connected to the ne when you search a word.


2. Getjar.com , This is an excellent website to download mobile stuff.This dictionary is very good and comprehensive and best thing about it is that IT IS FOR YOUR CELL PHONE. click on the link>>>>>>. select your mobile set number>>>>>..Download it>>>>Transfer it to your cell phone via data cable etc. >>>>> And enjoy medical dictionay anywhere.
It' features are



Medical Terms

Medical Abbreviations

Medical Definitions

Medical Information

Medical encyclopedia

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Bioterrorism By Pamela Weintraub

In the event of a terrorist attack, would you know what to do to protect your family? This lifesaving, comprehensive survival guide reveals all you need to know about the most dangerous biological weapons, their symptoms and treatments, how to avoid the greatest dangers, where to go for products and medication, and how to keep your family safe - at home, in the office, or at school - from the most feared weapons of biological warfare including: - Anthrax - Smallpox - Botulism - Ebola - Q Fever - Cholera - Yellow Fever - Venezuelan Encephalitis With a detailed, up-to-the-minute reference section on medical sources, antibiotics, HEPA filter masks and other crucial information, this calm, authoritative guide is an indispensable resource for these uncertain times, when the first line of defence against bioterrorism is knowledge.

Format: PaperBack

ISBN: 0-8065-2398-0

Publisher: Citadel

Retail price: Pound £ 12.00

(Rs. 1,498.92)

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HOW TO DEVELOP MEMORY by Dominic O'Brien

Dominic Obrien, revolutionized the way people memorize. 8 time worldmemory champion. He dominated the sport until others figured out how he did it.This is his most comprehensive book. It's goes in great detail and is a great read.The concepts are easy to understand, but many(like the number system) require a lot of practice.

But if you do your homework, you will be able to do things like memorize hundreds of phone numbers, dates, decks of cards, binary numbers etc. It took me months to get the techique fast enough and familiar enough to use it. But well worth it.Even if you don't have world memory champ aspirations, a lot of the techniques are quite simple and can be used to improve everyday memory(task lists etc.) But for that kind of stuff his other(in print) books will do.

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How did "Michael Jackson" Die:

According to news reports, emergency medical services were called to his home in Los Angeles, where he was found in presumed cardiac arrest. CPR (Cardiopulmonary ressecitation) was performed, and he was rushed to UCLA Medical Center, which was about six minutes away.

Other reports stated that he was training for a new show, opening in London next month, and had recently undergone a thorough and complete physical exam. He apparently was given a clean bill of health.It’s being reported that he died from sudden cardiac death, which according to the American College of Cardiology, is defined as, “the sudden cessation of cardiac activity so that the victim becomes unresponsive, with no normal breathing and no signs of circulation.” In these cases, there are often no warning signs, and loss of consciousness can occur between seconds to minutes due to lack of blood flow to the brain.

Coronary artery disease is the most commonly associated heart condition associated with sudden cardiac death, but other factors include structural heart disease, as well as smoking, obesity, an elevated blood pressure or cholesterol level, or a family history of heart disease.

It’s also inevitable that, with sudden cardiac death in a man in his 50s, speculation may turn to drug use, specifically cocaine or prescription drugs.

There’s no doubt that more information will be uncovered in the coming days to weeks, especially if prescription medications or illicit drugs were involved. But also keep in mind that sudden cardiac death can happen at any age, in seemingly healthy individuals.

Whatever the circumstances, there’s no doubt that Michael Jackson will be missed around the world.

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